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Manuscripts, Aramaic. --- Papyrus Amherst. --- Manuscripts, Aramaic (Papyri) --- Papyrus araméens

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Scribal Repertoires in Egypt from the New Kingdom to the Early Islamic Period deals with the possibility of glimpsing pre-modern and early modern Egyptian scribes, the actual people who produced ancient documents, through the ways in which they organized and wrote those documents. While traditional research has focused on identifying a 'pure' or 'original' text behind the actual manuscripts that have come down to us from pre-modern Egypt, the volume looks instead at variation - different ways of saying the same thing - as a rich source for understanding the complex social and cultural environments in which scribes lived and worked, breaking with the traditional conception of variation in scribal texts as 'free' or indicative of 'corruption'. As such, it presents a novel reconceptualization of scribal variation in pre-modern Egypt from the point of view of contemporary historical sociolinguistics, seeing scribes as agents embedded in particular geographical, temporal, and socio-cultural environments. Introducing to Egyptology concepts such as scribal communities, networks, and repertoires, among others, the authors then apply them to a variety of phenomena, including features of lexicon, grammar, orthography, palaeography, layout, and format. After first presenting this conceptual framework, they demonstrate how it has been applied to better-studied pre-modern societies by drawing upon the well-established domain of scribal variation in pre-modern English, before proceeding to a series of case studies applying these concepts to scribal variation spanning thousands of years, from the languages and writing systems of Pharaonic times, to those of Late Antique and Islamic Egypt

Scribes --- Manuscripts (Papyri) --- Coptic manuscripts (Papyri) --- Language. --- Manuscripts (Papyri). --- Social conditions --- Language --- Papyrus égyptiens --- Papyrus coptes. --- Manuscripts, Coptic (Papyri) --- Papyri, Egyptian --- Papyrus manuscripts --- Paleography --- Writing materials and instruments --- Copyists --- Papyrus égyptiens.

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Excavations (Archaeology); Egypt; Tebtunis (Extinct city).

Papyrus --- Fouilles archéologiques --- Inscriptions --- Temple of Soknebtynis (Tebtunis) --- Excavations (Archaeology) --- Tebtunis (Extinct city). --- Fouilles archéologiques

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Letter writing was widespread in the Graeco-Roman world, as indicated by the large number of surviving letters and their extensive coverage of all social categories. Despite a large amount of work that has been done on the topic of ancient epistolography, material and formatting conventions have remained underexplored, mainly due to the difficulty of accessing images of letters in the past. Thanks to the increasing availability of digital images and the appearance of more detailed and sophisticated editions, we are now in a position to study such aspects. This book examines the development of letter writing conventions from the archaic to Roman times, and is based on a wide corpus of letters that survive on their original material substrates. The bulk of the material is from Egypt, but the study takes account of comparative evidence from other regions of the Graeco-Roman world. Through analysis of developments in the use of letters, variations in formatting conventions, layout and authentication patterns according to the sociocultural background and communicational needs of writers, this book sheds light on changing trends in epistolary practice in Graeco-Roman society over a period of roughly eight hundred years. This book will appeal to scholars of Epistolography, Papyrology, Palaeography, Classics, Cultural History of the Graeco-Roman World.

Briefe. --- Epistolografie. --- Epistolography. --- Graeco-Roman Egypt. --- Griechisch-Römisches Ägypten. --- Letters. --- Papyrus. --- papyrus. --- Brief --- Konvention --- Griechisch --- Papyrus --- HISTORY / Ancient / General. --- Papyri --- Beschreibstoff --- Handschrift --- Altgriechisch --- Klassisches Griechisch --- Hellenisch --- Indogermanische Sprachen --- Gräzistik --- Gewohnheit --- Konventionalismus --- Briefschreiben --- Korrespondenz --- Briefwechsel --- Literarischer Brief --- Briefverkehr --- Briefe --- Autobiografische Literatur --- Briefliteratur --- Gräzistik

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Papyrus Leiden I 343 + 345' is one of the most extraordinary manuscripts providing a deeper insight into magic and medicine in Ancient Egypt. The main part of the papyrus deals with the ancient Near Eastern disease demon Samanu, who is well known from Sumerian and Akkadian incantations and medical texts. In addition, a broad range of other conjurations and spells against any pain and feet swelling are included. The papyrus also contains two curious spells dealing with falling water from the sky. Eight out of fourteen incantations against the demon Samanu were incorporated twice in this papyrus. The texts are not only presented as parallel text edition but also with photographs of the papyrus. This re-edition of 'Papyrus Leiden I 343 + 345' is a revised transliteration, transcription, translation and up-to-date commentary.

Egyptology. --- Papyrus. --- Ancient Egyptian studies --- Rijksmuseum van Oudheden te Leiden. --- Egypt. --- A.R.E. --- Ägypten --- Ancient Egypt --- Arab Republic of Egypt --- ARE --- Egipat --- Egipet --- Egipt --- Egiptos --- Egitto --- Égypte --- Egypten --- Egypti --- Ejiputo --- Gouvernement royal égyptien --- Ijiptʻ --- Jumhūrīyat Miṣr al-ʻArabīyah --- Khēmi --- Maṣr --- Miṣr --- Misri --- Mitsrayim --- United Arab Republic --- Manuscripts (Papyri) --- Papyri, Egyptian --- Papyrus manuscripts --- Paleography --- Writing materials and instruments